CSR disclosure in response to major airline accidents: a legitimacy-based exploration

PURPOSE. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the literature investigating disclosure reactions to legitimacy threats by analyzing the corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure reactions to catastrophic accidents suffered by major airlines. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH. The authors use content analysis to examine changes in annual report disclosure in response to four separate airline disasters. The authors adopt two classification schemes and two measurement approaches to explore these changes. FINDINGS. The authors find that for three events the organizations appear to have responded with considerable increases in CSR disclosure that are consistent with attempts of legitimation. For one of the events examined, the authors find no disclosure response and suggest that this could be due to the company’s unwillingness to accept responsibility. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS. The study’s focus on major airlines that have suffered an accident with available annual reports in English meant that other companies had to be excluded from the analysis. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS. The findings demonstrate the use of the annual report as a legitimation tool and further highlight the need for greater transparency and comparability across publications. ORIGINALITY/VALUE. The paper adds to the scarce literature examining corporate disclosure reactions following threats to their social legitimacy

Short- and long-run cross-border European sustainability interdependences

Copyright © The Author(s) 2024. The increasing interest in climate change risks, environmental degradation, corporate social responsibility, and environmental, social, governance principles has motivated the recent soaring focus of policymakers, market practitioners, and academics on sustainable investments. In this vein, we investigate the cross-country interconnectedness among sustainability equity indices. Using a bivariate Dynamic Conditional Correlations-Mixed Data Sampling (DCC-MIDAS) specification, we study the short- and long-run time-varying dependence dynamics between European and five international (Australia, Brazil, Japan, US, and Canada) sustainability benchmarks. Our cross-country dynamic correlation analysis identifies the interdependence types and hedging characteristics in the short- and long-run across the business cycle. The significant macro- and crisis-sensitivity of the sustainability correlation pattern unveils strong countercyclical cross-country sustainability interlinkages for most index pairs and crisis periods. We further reveal the high- and low-frequency contagion transmitters or interdependence drivers in the macro environment during the 2008 global financial turmoil, the European sovereign debt crisis, and the recent pandemic-induced crash. Finally, we demonstrate that climate change risks and policy considerations are potent catalysts for both countercyclical and procyclical cross-border sustainability spillovers

Clinicopathological parameters, recurrence, locoregional and distant metastasis in 115 T1-T2 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients

The incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma remains high. Oral and oro-pharyngeal carcinomas are the sixth most common cancer in the world. Several clinicopathological parameters have been implicated in prognosis, recurrence and survival, following oral squamous cell carcinoma. In this retrospective analysis, clinicopathological parameters of 115 T1/T2 OSCC were studied and compared to recurrence and death from tumour-related causes. The study protocol was approved by the Joint UCL/UCLH committees of the ethics for human research. The patients' data was entered onto proformas, which were validated and checked by interval sampling. The fields included a range of clinical, operative and histopathological variables related to the status of the surgical margins. Data collection also included recurrence, cause of death, date of death and last clinic review. Causes of death were collated in 4 categories (1) death from locoregional spread, (2) death from distant metastasis, (3) death from bronchopulmonary pneumonia, and (4) death from any non-tumour event that lead to cardiorespiratory failure. The patients' population comprised 65 males and 50 females. Their mean age at the 1 diagnosis of OSCC was 61.7 years. Two-thirds of the patients were Caucasians. Primary sites were mainly identified in the tongue, floor of mouth (FOM), buccal mucosa and alveolus. Most of the identified OSCCs were low-risk (T1N0 and T2N0). All patients underwent primary resection neck dissection and reconstruction when necessary. Twenty-two patients needed adjuvant radiotherapy. Pathological analysis revealed that half of the patients had moderately differentiated OSCC. pTNM slightly differed from the cTNM and showed that 70.4% of the patients had low-risk OSCC. Tumour clearance was ultimately achieved in 107 patients. Follow-up resulted in a 3-year survival of 74.8% and a 5-year survival of 72.2%. Recurrence was identified in 23 males and 20 females. The mean age of 1 diagnosis of the recurrence group was 59.53 years. Most common oral sites included the lateral border of tongue and floor of mouth. Recurrence was associated with clinical N-stage disease. The surgical margins in this group was evaluated and found that 17 had non-cohesive invasion, 30 had dysplasia at margin, 21 had vascular invasion, 9 had nerve invasion and 3 had bony invasion. Severe dysplasia was present in 37 patients. Tumour clearance was achieved in only 8 patients. The mean depth of tumour invasion in the recurrence group was 7.6 mm. An interesting finding was that 5/11 patients who died of distant metastasis had their primary disease in the tongue. Nodal disease comparison showed that 8/10 patients who died of locoregional metastasis and 8/11 patients who died from distant metastasis had clinical nodal involvement. Comparing this to pathological nodal disease (pTNM) showed that 10/10 patients and 10/11 patients who died from locoregional and distant metastasis, respectively, had nodal disease. All patients who died from locoregional and distant metastasis were shown to have recurrence after the primary tumour resection. Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity has a poor overall prognosis with a high tendency to recur at the primary site and extend to involve the cervical lymph nodes. Several clinicopathological parameters can be employed to assess outcome, recurrence and overall survival. © 2010 Jerjes et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd

Short- and Long-run Cross-border European Sustainability Interdependences

The increasing interest in climate change risks, environmental degradation, corporate social responsibility, and ESG (environmental, social, governance) principles has motivated the recent soaring focus of policymakers, market practitioners, and academics on sustainable investments. In this vein, we investigate the cross-country interconnectedness among sustainability equity indices. Using a bivariate DCC-MIDAS (Dynamic Conditional Correlations - Mixed Data Sampling) specification, we study the short- and long-run time-varying dependence dynamics between European and five international (Australia, Brazil, Japan, US, and Canada) sustainability benchmarks. Our cross-country dynamic correlation analysis identifies the interdependence types and hedging characteristics in the short- and long-run across the business cycle. The significant macro- and crisis-sensitivity of the sustainability correlation pattern unveils strong countercyclical cross-country sustainability interlinkages for most index pairs and crisis periods. We further reveal the high- and low-frequency contagion transmitters or interdependence drivers in the macro environment during the 2008 global financial turmoil, the European sovereign debt crisis, and the recent pandemic-induced crash. Finally, we demonstrate that climate change risks and policy considerations are potent catalysts for both countercyclical and procyclical cross-border sustainability spillovers

Patients with Crohn's disease have longer post-operative in-hospital stay than patients with colon cancer but no difference in complications' rate

BACKGROUNDRight hemicolectomy or ileocecal resection are used to treat benign conditions like Crohn's disease (CD) and malignant ones like colon cancer (CC).AIMTo investigate differences in pre- and peri-operative factors and their impact on post-operative outcome in patients with CC and CD.METHODSThis is a sub-group analysis of the European Society of Coloproctology's prospective, multi-centre snapshot audit. Adult patients with CC and CD undergoing right hemicolectomy or ileocecal resection were included. Primary outcome measure was 30-d post-operative complications. Secondary outcome measures were post-operative length of stay (LOS) at and readmission.RESULTSThree hundred and seventy-five patients with CD and 2,515 patients with CC were included. Patients with CD were younger (median = 37 years for CD and 71 years for CC (P < 0.01), had lower American Society of Anesthesiology score (ASA) grade (P < 0.01) and less comorbidity (P < 0.01), but were more likely to be current smokers (P < 0.01). Patients with CD were more frequently operated on by colorectal surgeons (P < 0.01) and frequently underwent ileocecal resection (P < 0.01) with higher rate of de-functioning/primary stoma construction (P < 0.01). Thirty-day post-operative mortality occurred exclusively in the CC group (66/2515, 2.3%). In multivariate analyses, the risk of post-operative complications was similar in the two groups (OR 0.80, 95%CI: 0.54-1.17; P = 0.25). Patients with CD had a significantly longer LOS (Geometric mean 0.87, 95%CI: 0.79-0.95; P < 0.01). There was no difference in re-admission rates. The audit did not collect data on post-operative enhanced recovery protocols that are implemented in the different participating centers.CONCLUSIONPatients with CD were younger, with lower ASA grade, less comorbidity, operated on by experienced surgeons and underwent less radical resection but had a longer LOS than patients with CC although complication's rate was not different between the two groups